Vim lawv cov hydrophobic me me - cov qauv molecule thiab cov txheej txheem kev siv cov dispersion tshwj xeeb, disperse dyes tau qhia meej meej txog ib puag ncig. Tsuas yog thaum lawv cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo- txuam nrog lwm yam ib puag ncig ib puag ncig lawv tuaj yeem paub txog lawv qhov zoo ntawm cov xim ci, kev nrawm nrawm, thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov, ua tau raws li qhov siab - cov xim zoo nkauj ntawm cov fibers xws li polyester.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm ib puag ncig substrate, disperse dyes yog tsim rau hydrophobic hluavtaws fibers, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog polyester fibers. Polyester molecules have a tight molecular chain arrangement, high crystallinity, and low surface energy, making it difficult for conventional water-soluble dyes to penetrate and fix. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov me me -molecule hydrophobic qauv ntawm disperse dyes tuaj yeem kov yeej cov fiber ntau saum npoo hluav taws xob thaiv nyob rau hauv siab - qhov kub thiab txias, diffusing mus rau sab hauv thiab ua tiav daim ntawv cog lus ruaj khov los ntawm van der Waals rog thiab kev sib cuam tshuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj qee qhov kev xav ntawm hydrophobicity, xws li acetate fibers thiab polyamide fibers, kuj tuaj yeem ua xim zoo siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. Rau hydrophilic fibers xws li paj rwb, linen, thiab txhob lo lo ntxhuav, disperse dyes tsis txaus affinity thiab binding quab yuam, thiab yog li tsis tsim nyog.
Hais txog cov txheej txheem ib puag ncig, kev siv cov dyes disperse feem ntau yog nyob ntawm siab - qhov kub thiab txias. Feem ntau - kub, siab - txoj kev siab yuav tsum tau cua sov kom txog li 130℃thiab siv lub siab nyob rau hauv lub kaw dyeing apparatus los xyuas kom meej tag nrho dye diffusion thiab uniform fixation. Txoj kev no yog tsim rau kev nruam, loj- nplai ntau lawm thiab yields zoo heev leveling thiab colorfastness. Txoj kev kub-kub yog siv cov xim rau ntawm cov ntaub thiab tom qab ntawd ci ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 180 degree, ua rau cov xim rau sublimate thiab nkag mus rau cov fibers. Txoj kev no feem ntau yog siv rau kev luam ntawv thiab xim xim. Cov txheej txheem cab kuj txo qis qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov iav fiber ntau los ntawm kev ntxiv qhov qis -boiling- taw tes cov cab kuj organic rau hauv cov xim da dej, tso cai rau cov xim nkag mus rau qhov kub thiab txias. Txoj kev no tsim nyog rau daim ntawv thov uas muaj peev xwm siv tau tsawg. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem saum toj no yuav tsum muaj qhov sib xws ntawm qhov ntsuas kub thiab lub siab tswj lub tshuab kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ruaj ntseg ib puag ncig.
Environmental kam rau ua kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv tau. Disperse dyes yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, high humidity, thiab ncaj qha tshav ntuj thaum lub sij hawm cia thiab kev thauj mus los los tiv thaiv particle agglomeration, decomposition, los yog hloov xim. Cov khoom siv hmoov yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm ya raws thiab plua plav, thaum cov kua dispersions yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm khov thiab microbial paug. Thaum lub sij hawm dyeing txheej txheem, tus nqi pH, hardness, thiab auxiliary tus neeg sawv cev compatibility ntawm cov dye da dej muaj feem xyuam rau dispersion stability thiab dyeing npaum li cas, thiab yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj nyob rau hauv qhov tsim nyog ntau yam.
Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntsuab ntau lawm, cov xwm txheej siv rau cov dyes disperse yog nthuav tawm ntawm cov cawv tsawg, kev siv hluav taws xob pov tseg, thiab dej rov siv dua los txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob thiab dej pov tseg. Ib txhij, tshiab qis- toxicity, biodegradable disperse dyes muaj ntau dua ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau, yuav tsum tau ib txhij xav txog ecological kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tswj raws li txoj cai nyob rau hauv formulation thiab txheej txheem tsim.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov cheeb tsam uas siv tau rau cov dyes disperse encompass tej hydrophobic substrates, siab - kub los yog kub - cov txheej txheem melting, ruaj khov cia thiab kev khiav hauj lwm ib puag ncig, thiab ntsuab ntau lawm yuav tsum tau. Tsuas yog thaum ib puag ncig tsis zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv xim zoo sib xws tuaj yeem ua tiav cov xim zoo nkauj thiab kev ruaj ntseg zoo.
